How do statins cause rhabdomyolysis mechanism?
How do statins cause rhabdomyolysis mechanism?
The primary mechanism of statin therapy-induced rhabdomyolysis is believed to be a decrease in ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) produced by the HMG-CoA pathway. Additionally, different types of lipophilic and hydrophilic statins play a role in causing rhabdomyolysis.
How do statins treat rhabdomyolysis?
If you have signs and symptoms of rhabdomyolysis, stop taking your statin medication immediately and seek medical treatment right away. If necessary, your doctor may take steps to help prevent kidney damage and other complications.
Why do statins cause muscle breakdown?
According to the research, published in JACC: Basic to Translational Science, statins cause spontaneous and irregular leaks of calcium from storage compartments within muscle cells. Under normal conditions, coordinated releases of calcium from these stores make the muscles contract.
Which statins are more likely to cause rhabdomyolysis?
Simvastatin was the most common statin medication reported in association with rhabdomyolysis (55 cases), most commonly taken at a dose of 40 mg/day. Atorvastatin was the second most common drug (20 cases), used in doses of 10 mg/day.
How do statins affect muscles?
Skeletal muscle side effects that are associated with statin use involve muscle cramping, soreness, fatigue, weakness, and, in rare cases, rapid muscle breakdown that can lead to death (ie, rhabdomyolysis). Side effects have been associated with all commonly used statins and are dose dependent.
Is rhabdomyolysis caused by statins reversible?
While myopathy caused by statins can be mild and can be reversed when the medication is discontinued, it may present as rhabdomyolysis or severe muscle damage.
Which statin is least likely to cause rhabdomyolysis?
Fluvastatin, pravastatin and rosuvastatin may be considered as alternatives as they are not as extensively metabolized by CYP3A4 and therefore less likely to result in rhabdomyolysis but still require careful monitoring [9].
Which statin causes least rhabdomyolysis?
Do statins cause high CK levels?
Statins can magnify exercise-induced marked elevation of the CK.
Which muscles are most affected by statins?
Within a month of starting statin therapy, they may feel aches or weakness in the large muscles of their arms, shoulders, thighs or buttocks on both sides of the body. About 5 to 10% of people who try statins are affected. It’s more common in the elderly, in women and in those taking the more potent statins.
Can statin muscle damage be reversed?
The majority of muscle damage by statins is secondary to its direct toxic effects, possibly via coenzyme Q10 depletion causing mitochondrial dysfunction. The injury is dose dependent and reversible after withdrawing the drug, with most recovery of symptoms occurring within 2–3 months (3).
How often do statins cause rhabdomyolysis?
However, the risk of developing rhabdomyolysis from statin therapy is very low, around 1.5 for each 100,000 people taking statins.