What are the steps involved in fertilization and formation of seeds?
What are the steps involved in fertilization and formation of seeds?
The most generalized form of this process requires four steps: pollination, germination, penetration of the ovule, and fertilization.
What are the process that leads to the development of a seed?
The launch of seed development in flowering plants (angiosperms) is initiated by the process of double fertilization: two male gametes (sperm cells) fuse with two female gametes (egg and central cell) to form the precursor cells of the two major seed components, the embryo and endosperm, respectively.
What is the development of seed from unfertilized female gamete?
Parthenogenesis in animals means the development of an embryo from an unfertilized cell of an egg.
What is seed dormancy?
Seed dormancy is the state in which seed is unable to germinate, even under ideal growing conditions (Merriam-Webster). Because dormancy can be broken by most ideal growing conditions (different and specific for each species), the seeds germinate when they are the most likely to flourish.
What are the 3 stages of seed development?
Seed Development and Maturation Seed development in flowering plants proceeds in three discrete, although continuous, stages: early, mid-, and late embryogenesis.
How does the seed become dormant?
Dormancy is when there is a lack of germination in seeds or tubers even though the required conditions (temperature, humidity, oxygen, and light) are provided. Dormancy is based on hard seed coat impermeability or the lack of supply and activity of enzymes (internal dormancy) necessary for germination.
Why is fertilization important in plants?
Fertilization is a significant concern because it is required in order to produce enough food for the increasing population from the decreasing cultivated land, but too much or improper use can be detrimental to the environment. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium availability is the big limit to growth.
What is the development of embryo from unfertilized egg called?
Parthenogenesis
Parthenogenesis, the development of the unreduced, unfertilized egg into an embryo, constitutes the second step of the apomictic process (1, 2).
What are the three types of seed dormancy?
There are three types of dormancy based on their mode of action: physical, physiological and morphological.
What are the causes and factors of seed dormancy?
The main reason behind these conditions is that they require a period of rest before being capable of germination. These conditions may vary from days to months and even years. These conditions are the combination of light, water, heat, gases, seed coats and hormone structures.