What does the CR1 gene do?
What does the CR1 gene do?
In primates, CR1 serves as the main system for processing and clearance of complement opsonized immune complexes. It has been shown that CR1 can act as a negative regulator of the complement cascade, mediate immune adherence and phagocytosis and inhibit both the classic and alternative pathways.
Which cells express CR1?
CR1 is primarily expressed in erythrocytes, B and T cells, neutrophils, monocytes, and dendritic cells, as well as in neurons, microglia, and the choroid plexus of the brain, in the membrane or in soluble form (29).
What does CR1 bind?
CR1 binds C3b and C4b, thereby mediating phagocytosis by neutrophils and monocytes. RBC CR1 is important in the processing of immune complexes, binding them for transport to the liver and spleen for removal from the circulation.
Which cells express complement receptors?
White blood cells, particularly monocytes and macrophages, express complement receptors on their surface. All four complement receptors can bind to fragments of complement component 3 or complement component 4 coated on pathogen surface, but the receptors trigger different downstream activities.
What is CLU gene?
In humans, clusterin is encoded by the CLU gene on chromosome 8. CLU is a molecular chaperone responsible for aiding protein folding of secreted proteins, and its three isoforms have been differentially implicated in pro- or antiapoptotic processes.
What is C3b in immunology?
C3b is the larger of two elements formed by the cleavage of complement component 3, and is considered an important part of the innate immune system. C3b is potent in opsonization: tagging pathogens, immune complexes (antigen-antibody), and apoptotic cells for phagocytosis.
Do macrophages have Fc receptors?
Fc receptors are found on a number of cells in the immune system including phagocytes like macrophages and monocytes, granulocytes like neutrophils and eosinophils, and lymphocytes of the innate immune system (natural killer cells) or adaptive immune system (e.g., B cells).
Is CR2 same as CD21?
As a result, CR2, more commonly called CD21 in the context of immunohistochemistry, can be used to demonstrate the FDC meshwork in lymphoid tissue.
Do B cells have Fc receptors?
What is the function of complement receptor?
Complement receptors are heterogeneous receptors expressed by APCs (Figure 10-12) that mediate direct and lectin- and antibody-dependent binding of activated complement components and play a role in cell migration and phagocytosis and immune regulation.
What is apolipoprotein J?
Apolipoprotein J (clusterin) is a ubiquitous multifunctional glycoprotein capable of interacting with a broad spectrum of molecules. In pathological conditions, it is an amyloid associated protein, co-localizing with fibrillar deposits in systemic and localized amyloid disorders.