What drugs are associated with agranulocytosis?
What drugs are associated with agranulocytosis?
Drugs that can cause agranulocytosis include:
- antithyroid medications, such as carbimazole and methimazole (Tapazole)
- anti-inflammatory medications, such as sulfasalazine (Azulfidine), dipyrone (Metamizole), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- antipsychotics, such as clozapine (Clozaril)
What is other drug induced agranulocytosis?
Drug-induced agranulocytosis is a life-threatening side effect that usually manifests as a severe form of neutropenia associated with fever or signs of sepsis. It can occur as a problem in the context of therapy with a wide variety of drug classes.
What Med causes agranulocytosis?
A variety of drugs can cause acquired agranulocytosis and neutropenia by destroying special cells in the bone marrow that later mature and become granulocytes (precursors). These drugs include phenytoin, pyrimethamine, methotrexate, and cytarabine.
Which antipsychotic drugs cause fatal agranulocytosis?
A more rare and life-threatening adverse effect is clozapine-induced agranulocytosis (CIA), which has been linked to clozapine use. Clozapine itself has a unique position among antipsychotic medications, representing the treatment of choice in refractory schizophrenia.
Which of the following drugs has the highest risk of agranulocytosis?
The drug most strongly associated with a risk of agranulocytosis was ticlopidine hydrochloride with an odds ratio (OR) of 103.23 (95% confidence interval [CI], 12.73-837.44), followed by calcium dobesilate (OR, 77.84 [95% CI, 4.50-1346.20]), antithyroid drugs (OR, 52.75 [95% CI, 5.82-478.03]), dipyrone (metamizole …
Who is at risk of agranulocytosis?
Adults over 65 are more likely to experience complications such as sepsis. Agranulocytosis can cause severe problems in people who have other health conditions, such as kidney disease, heart disease or breathing problems. Untreated, agranulocytosis leads to severe infection and death.
What is the difference between agranulocytosis and neutropenia?
The terms agranulocytosis, granulocytopenia and neutropenia are sometimes used interchangeably. Agranulocytosis implies a more severe deficiency than granulocytopenia. Neutropenia indicates a deficiency of neutrophils (the most common granulocyte cell) only.
What is the most severe risk for a patient with agranulocytosis?
Agranulocytosis can cause severe problems in people who have other health conditions, such as kidney disease, heart disease or breathing problems. Untreated, agranulocytosis leads to severe infection and death. The risk of infection increases the longer the neutrophil count remains dangerously low.
How quickly does agranulocytosis occur?
Agranulocytosis usually occurs within the first 2–3 months of treatment (2); however, certain cases have demonstrated that agranulocytosis may occur following long-term treatment (3).
What are signs and symptoms of agranulocytosis?
Having very low levels of granulocytes in the blood can lead to serious or life-threatening infections. Signs and symptoms of agranulocytosis include fever, chills, weakness, sore throat, sores in the mouth or throat, bleeding gums, bone pain, low blood pressure, fast heartbeat, and trouble breathing.