What is the collateral circulation?
What is the collateral circulation?
The collateral circulation is a network of specialized endogenous bypass vessels that is present in most tissues and provides protection against ischemic injury caused by ischemic stroke, coronary atherosclerosis, peripheral artery disease, and other conditions and diseases.
How long does collateral circulation last?
Functionally, the collateral circulation has been observed also to decrease 24h after of a chronic total occlusion revascularization, and this loss in collateral function has been documented to continue 6 months after the intervention.
Does collateral circulation increase with age?
Age data of patients according to collateral circulation degrees is given in Table 1. According to the chart represented above, the development index of collateral circulations confidently increases with age.
What is collateral circulation and why is it important?
Collateral circulation potentially offers an important alternative source of blood supply when the original vessel fails to provide sufficient blood. Timely enlargement of collaterals may even avoid transmural myocardial infarction (MI) and death in symptomatic patients.
How do you assess collateral circulation?
The Allen test is a simple procedure that has demonstrated consistent and valid results in the assessment of collateral blood flow to the hand. It is performed by placing pressure to occlude the radial and ulnar arteries simultaneously for 20 seconds at the wrist.
How long does it take for collateral arteries to develop?
Cardiologists have long been aware of the occurrence of large and often epicardial collateral vessels after total or subtotal occlusion of a major coronary artery (fig 1). These usually become visible within two weeks following an occlusion, and they arise from preformed arterioles.
Can exercise increase collateral circulation?
Contribution to the Literature: The EXCITE trial showed that both moderate and intense exercise were effective at improving coronary collateral circulation.
What causes arteriogenesis?
Distinct from angiogenesis, arteriogenesis is triggered by hemodynamic forces such as fluid shear stress (FSS) induced by the pressure gradient during the obstruction or change of blood flow.
Why is collateral circulation important?